{"language_default":"de","language_more":[],"ikmk_id":"75","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Diocletianus","inventory_number":"121","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/object?id=ID75","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":84,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/84","publisher_name":"Mannheim, Arch\u00e4ologisches Institut der Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-2745","publisher_isil_short":"DE-2745","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-2745\/ID75","legalBodyWeblink":"http:\/\/hi.uni-mannheim.de\/alte-geschichte\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/uni-mannheim","author":"B\u00f6ckle, Verena"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"84","owner_name":"Mannheim, Historisches Institut der Universit\u00e4t","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-2745","owner_isil_short":"DE-2745","owner_www_address":"ikmk.uni-mannheim.de","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/uni-mannheim","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/84","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"493","nominal_de":"40 Nummi (Follis)","nominal_en":"40 Nummi (Follis)","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/follis","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"Bezeichnung f\u00fcr die Bronzem\u00fcnze byzantinischer Zeit im Wert von 40 Nummi, welche mit einem kapitalen bzw. kursivem M oder XXXX als Wertzeichen versehen ist.\r\nF\u00fcr die diokletianische M\u00fcnze siehe unter Nummus.","info_en":"A coin of the Byzantine period valued as 40 nummi as shown by the ltter M resp. m on the reverse.\r\nFor the new coin introduced under Diocletian's monetary reform  see nummus.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/493"},"date_last":"2025-09-23 00:26:40","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"5","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/5","country_name_de":"\u00c4gypten","country_name_en":"Egypt","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/arab_republic_of_egypt","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/357994","ikmk_region_id":"16","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/16","region_name_de":"\u00c4gypten","region_name_en":"Egypt","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/egypt","region_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/357994","ikmk_mint_id":"13","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/13","mint_name":"Alexandria","mint_name_de":"Alexandria","mint_name_en":null,"mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/alexandreia_egypt","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/361058"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"22 mm","die_axis":"5 h","weight":"3.32 g","accession":"","access_year":"","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"3","access_type_name":"Schenkung","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4052258-1","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/3"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":null,"avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"D N DIOCLETIANO BAEATIS","image_description":"B\u00fcste des Diocletianus mit Lorbeerkranz und Mantel nach r. Die r. Hand hebend.","foto_date":"2012-12-01","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"2","photographer_name":"Daniel Franz","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/srv\/www\/virtual\/ikmk\/htdocs\/mk-edit\/images\/n0\/75\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1758032597,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mannheim, Historisches Institut der Universit\u00e4t, ID75. 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Hand auf einem Szepter.","foto_date":"2012-12-01","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"2","photographer_name":"Daniel Franz","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/srv\/www\/virtual\/ikmk\/htdocs\/mk-edit\/images\/n0\/75\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"http:\/\/ikmk.uni-mannheim.de\/image\/ID75\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1758032597,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mannheim, Historisches Institut der Universit\u00e4t, ID75. 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Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4124227-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020666"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"46","timeline_item":"Von 293 bis zum Ende des 4. Jahrhunderts n. Chr.","description":"Die Regierungszeit des Diocletianus und seiner Mitherrscher (284-305 n. Chr.) ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Neuordnung des Staatswesens: Neue M\u00fcnzsorten wie der Nummus (Follis), der Argenteus und der auf 1\/60 des Pfundes festgesetzte Aureus werden eingef\u00fchrt und in ein festes Wechselverh\u00e4ltnis gesetzt. Diese Ma\u00dfnahmen k\u00f6nnen die Verschlechterung des Geldes nur f\u00fcr kurze Zeit aufhalten. Constantinus I. (306-337) f\u00fchrt mit dem Solidus eine neue Gold- sowie mit Siliqua und Miliarense neue Silberm\u00fcnzen ein; die Bronzenominale unterliegen ebenfalls bereits einer Abwertung. Insgesamt wird aber zur Mitte des 4. Jhs. eine Tendenz zur Goldw\u00e4hrung deutlich. Neue Goldminen werden erschlossen und h\u00f6here St\u00fcckzahlen gepr\u00e4gt. Vom Bronzegeld werden bald in schneller Folge verschiedene Sorten ausgegeben, denen es aber durchweg an dauerhaftem Geldwert mangelt. So wird das Bronzegeld abermals um 348 reformiert, auch Iulianus (genannt Apostata, reg. 361-363) versucht sich in der Einf\u00fchrung eines neuen, gro\u00dfen Bronzenominales. Zum Ende der 360er Jahre wird die regelhafte Kennzeichnung der Solidi als Feingold (OB = Obryzum) verpflichend. Ihre Entsprechung beim Silbergeld ist das K\u00fcrzel PS = pusulatum. Auch nimmt die Bedeutung der silbernen Siliquen immer mehr ab.  F\u00fcr die Bildsprache der M\u00fcnzen seit der Tetrarchie ist die Betonung der absoluten Stellung des Kaisers als Dominus (\u201eHerr\u201c) charakteristisch.","year_from":"293","year_until":"400","autor":"Dahmen, Karsten"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}